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Low Voltage Directive (LVD) 73/23/EEC

What? Why? When? How? Help?

What is it?

The Low Voltage Directive is an EU Product Directive.

The LVD lays down requirements for energised electrical appliances within the voltage range of:

  • 50 V ac to 1,000 V ac, or
  • 75 V dc to 1,500 V dc

Products within the scope of the Directive must comply at the first "putting on the market" or "putting into service" in EEA. Thereafter the Directives carry no bearing on the product's operation and maintenance.  (Individual national regulations apply for the operation and maintenance phases).

Why do we need it?

Prior to the LV Directive each EU member state had its own regime for regulating such equipment. Each was based upon a national perception of safety hazards. The Low Voltage Directive creates a single legal structure within which goods can be sold on the entire EU market without having to submit to a multitude of national approval regimes.

A product that complies with the Low Voltage Directive in one EU member state must be accepted in all member states.

When does the LVD come into force?

The Directive, in its original form, was in force in 1973 but it was amended to bring it in line with other New and Global Approach Directives in 1997.  This later edition has been mandatory since 1 January 1997.

How to comply with the LVD?

The LVD Directive simply requires products to have protection against

  • hazards resulting from the product itself
  • hazards to the product arising from external influences

The detailed technical requirements are not specified in the Directive, but in harmonised standards.  

Conformity with harmonised standards "guarantees" conformity with the Directive. Their application, however, is not mandatory. If harmonised standards are not suited to a specific product, any alternative standard or solution may be applied if it can be shown to carry equivalent safety. It is, however, difficult to demonstrate equivalent safety. One solution to this problem is CEproof’s HAZproofTM service.

Think your product(s) must comply? 

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